How to test Focus order and visibility

How to evaluate the KWCAG 2.2 checkpoint “Focus order and visibility”. Automation catches part of it; the rest needs a person.

Which standards this maps to

Korean standard (KWCAG 2.2): Checkpoint 11 Focus order and visibility; Operable · KS X OT0003 6.1.2
International standard (WCAG 2.2): 2.4.3 Focus Order (A) ↗2.4.7 Focus Visible (AA) ↗2.4.11 Focus Not Obscured (Minimum) (AA) ↗

Verify logical focus order, visible focus indicator, and that focused elements are not obscured.

2 automated rules judge this checkpoint. Each comes with remediation guidance.

Avoid positive tabindex values tabindex
Use only tabindex 0 or -1; control order via DOM order.
Keyboard focus indicator may not be visible a11ychk:focus-visible
Keyboard focus must be visibly indicated. If you remove the default outline, provide a clear alternative (outline, box-shadow, etc.).

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